Segentar Alam: Exploring the History and Priceless Artifacts of Suryanegara Palace, Sanggau, West Borneo

The Segentar Alam meriam (cannon) in the historic Suryanegara Kingdom palace in Sanggau. Photo documentation: author.

The Sanggau and Pontianak kingdoms forged a particularly close alliance

As you approach the grand entrance of the palace, you will encounter a fascinating and exotic sight. This particular artifact stands out, hinting at its rich historical significance. What could this captivating object be?

The answer lies in the realm of historical diplomacy. In the days of ancient kingdoms, establishing diplomatic relationships between realms was a crucial practice. 

These relationships were often formalized through strategic marriage alliances or the exchange of valuable gifts and keepsakes. Such gifts were not just tokens of goodwill but were meant to be enduring symbols of the bond between the kingdoms.

During the reign of King Queen Suryanegara, the Sanggau and Pontianak kingdoms forged a particularly close alliance. 

The name "Segentar Alam" for the cannon

To symbolize their strong relationship, the two kingdoms engaged in an exchange of significant gifts. 

The Sultan of Pontianak bestowed upon King Sanggau a magnificent meriam (cannon) named "Segentar Alam."

The name "Segentar" derives from the Indonesian word "gentar," which means to resonate or thunder loudly. This cannon’s purpose was not only as a weapon but also as an instrument whose sound could reverberate across the earth, shaking all that heard it. 

"Alam" translates to "universe," emphasizing the cannon's formidable presence. Indeed, this was no ordinary weapon; its thunderous roar was designed to echo throughout the cosmos, making a powerful statement about the Sultan's esteem for the Sanggau Kingdom.

In exchange, King Queen Suryanegara gifted the Sultan of Pontianak with beams of belian wood. Belian, also known as ironwood, is renowned for its strength and durability. These beams were used as the primary building material for the Sultanate’s palace in Pontianak.

 The enduring nature of this wood underscores the depth of the diplomatic connection between the two realms, and the historical significance of these beams can still be seen today in the palace's structure.

Today, the Segentar Alam cannon remains a treasured artifact, displayed as two pieces: one large cannon and one smaller cannon. 

These are prominently placed beside the Jami’ Kantu’ Mosque in Sanggau, serving as a historical testament to the ancient alliance between the Sanggau and Pontianak kingdoms.

For those with a passion for historical sites and artifacts, the Suryanegara Palace offers a wealth of treasures beyond the Segentar Alam cannon. 

The palace grounds are home to several other significant relics from the past. Among these are ancient Chinese jars, which highlight the historical trade connections between the regions. 

The belian wood planks

The belian wood planks, which remain remarkably strong, are a testament to the durability and craftsmanship of the era. 

The palace houses the royal bedchamber of the king and queen, offering a glimpse into the regal life of the past. Intricate beads, traditional gongs, and various other artifacts further enrich the historical tapestry of the Suryanegara Palace.

Exploring these artifacts provides a deeper understanding of the cultural and historical exchanges that shaped the region. Each item tells a story, offering insights into the diplomatic relationships, trade, and daily life of the time. 

So, whether you are a history enthusiast or simply curious about the past, a visit to the Suryanegara Palace promises a fascinating journey through the rich heritage of Sanggau and its historical connections with the wider world.

-- Masri Sareb Putra