The Charm and Meaning of the Two Hornbill Pillars at the Pontianak Cathedral

With its Gothic ambiance, the cathedral symbolizes the local ethnic diversity: Dayak, Chinese, and Malay cultures. 

Hornbill symbols, captivating pillars, pairs

Look closely at the prominent ornaments and symbols, especially the hornbill, locally known as "ruai." The towering belian wood pillars standing majestically at the cathedral’s entrance are truly captivating. 

Visitors not only admire the intricate carvings but also recognize the pillars as a representation of a pair of hornbills seemingly soaring high, landing gracefully atop the belian wood monument.

But why two? 

The number two signifies a pair, echoing the biblical story in the Old Testament, specifically Genesis 7:3, where Noah took seven pairs of birds, male and female, to ensure the survival of their species on Earth.

Thus, the depiction of hornbills at the cathedral symbolizes the local natural environment and cultural heritage, grounding the church in the community's identity.

In English, the hornbill is aptly named and carries various names in different regions. 

In some places, it’s called "ruai," while in others, it’s known as "conalakng." Regardless of its name, the hornbill holds a special place as a cultural symbol for the Dayak people in general. 

Why "in general"? Because not all Dayak subgroups use the hornbill as their symbol. For instance, the Lundayeh or Idi Lun Bawang people favor the crocodile as their emblem.

Hornbill symbolizes purity, wisdom, strength, courage

The hornbill boasts fascinating characteristics that elevate it as an important symbol. It feeds on fresh fruit, reflecting purity and cleanliness, and it nests high in the trees, signifying its noble position, away from disturbances. 

With keen hearing, the hornbill is quick to react to potential threats. Additionally, its sharp vision allows it to survey its surroundings, making it a symbol of wisdom, strength, and courage—qualities deeply revered in Dayak culture.

While many Dayak people identify with the hornbill, others relate to the crocodile. In Dayak art and crafts, the hornbill is often depicted with intricate detail and rich meaning, symbolizing ancestral spirits and playing a significant role in various rituals and ceremonies. Conversely, for the Lundayeh or Idi Lun Bawang, the crocodile serves a different symbolic purpose. 

The crocodile is seen as a guardian and protector, embodying strength and resilience as it thrives in both land and water. Its symbolism permeates everyday life, from folklore to wood carvings.

The contrast between the hornbill and crocodile reflects the richness and diversity of Dayak culture. Each subgroup has its own beliefs and traditions, contributing to a unique identity. 

The two hornbill pillars at the entrance of the Pontianak Cathedral 

By understanding these symbols, we gain a deeper appreciation for the richness of Dayak culture and its diverse expressions. 

The two hornbill pillars at the entrance of the Pontianak Cathedral radiate a profound charm, not only through their majestic design but also in their rich symbolism. The hornbill, known locally as "ruai," represents strength, wisdom, and courage—qualities highly valued in Dayak culture.

These pillars symbolize a pair of hornbills soaring high, reflecting connection and balance. The number two carries significant meaning, echoing the biblical story from the Old Testament that highlights the importance of pairs in ensuring the survival of species.

With these pillars, the Pontianak Cathedral becomes more than just a place of worship. It stands as a cultural symbol that binds the community together, showcasing the depth of local traditions and beliefs.

—Rangkaya Bada